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identity
A number that when operating with it on any
other number leaves the number unchanged.
identity property of addition
The sum of any number and 0 is that number.
identity property of multiplication
The product of 1 and any number is that number.
image
The result of a transformation on an object.
imaginary number
An even root of a negative number; the square
root of -1 is symbolized by i.
improper fraction
A fraction with a numerator that is greater
than the denominator.
inclusive
Including the ends. Example: List the odd
numbers from 3 to 9, inclusive: 3, 5, 7, 9
inconsistent system
A system of equations is inconsistent if it
does not have a solution.
increase
An addition.
independent events
Two events in which the outcome of the second
is not affected by the outcome of the first.
independent system
The equations of a system are independent
if they share only one solution - the point
of intersection.
indeterminate form
In calculus and other branches of mathematical
analysis, an indeterminate form is an algebraic
expression whose limit cannot be evaluated
by substituting the limits of the subexpressions.
index
The superscript at the beginning of a radical
sign indicating the root to be taken, or extracted.
inequality
A mathematical expression which shows that
two quantities are not equal.
infinity
A limitless quantity.
inscribed angle
An angle placed inside a circle with its vertex
on the circle and whose sides contain chords
of the circle.
inscribed polygon
A polygon placed inside a circle so that each
vertex of the polygon touches the circle.
integer
A whole number in the set of numbers containing
zero, the natural numbers, and all of the
negatives of the natural numbers.
intercept
The x-intercept of a line or curve is the
point where it crosses the x-axis, and the
y-intercept of a line or curve is the point
where it crosses the y-axis.
intercepted arc
The arc of a circle within an inscribed angle.
interest
Amount paid or received for the loaning of
money or the borrowing of money.
interior angles of a polygon
Angles within a polygon formed by the intersection
of two sides.
interpolation
A method for estimating values that lie between
two known values.
intersect
With lines or curves, to cross or have a point
in common.
intersecting lines
Lines that have only one point in common.
intersection
With sets, the operation that creates a new
set containing only those elements common
to the original sets.
interval
A set of values between two endpoints.
inverse
Opposite. -5 is the additive inverse of 5,
because their sum is zero. 1/3 is the multiplicative
inverse of 3, because their product is 1.
inverse operations
Two operations that have the opposite effect,
such as addition and subtraction.
irrational number
A number that cannot be expressed as the ratio
of two integers.
isosceles
A polygon with two sides equal in length.
isosceles triangle
A triangle with at least two equal sides.
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